Trip Introduction

The Tsum Valley Trek is a culturally rich and remote trekking route located in the Gorkha District of north-central Nepal. Nestled between the Ganesh Himal and Sringi Himal ranges, Tsum Valley—often referred to as the “Hidden Valley”—was officially opened to trekkers in 2008. Its isolation has helped preserve a distinct Tibetan-Buddhist heritage, with ancient monasteries, chortens (stupas), and mani walls adorning the landscape.

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Geography and Highlights of Tsum Valley Trek

• Altitude Range: The valley floor starts around 1,905 m (Nile village) and rises to Mu Gompa at approximately 3,700 m.
• Mountain Views: From various vantage points, trekkers can enjoy panoramas of peaks such as Ganesh Himal (7,422 m), Himal Chuli (7,893 m), Sringi Himal, and Baudha Himal.
• Cultural Sites: Key monasteries include Mu Gompa, Rachen Gompa, and Chumet Gompa. Villages like Chhokangparo, Chumling, Nile, Chhekampar, and Ripchet preserve traditional stone and mud-brick architecture.

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Tsum Valley Trek Package Cost

Standard 12-Days  Package Cost: $1050 per person with Private Transport (Ktm to Machhakhola)

Standard 12-Days  Package Cost: $950 per person with Local Transport (Ktm to Machhakhola)

Note: Machhakhola-Ktm will be Public Transportation, if you need Private Tourist Vehicle we provide but cost will be added.

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Cost Includes Package : 

1. Airport Pickup and Drop, All the Transportation accommodation during the trek,

2. full board meals, breakfast , lunch, dinner ,Tea, Coffee, during the treks

3. All necesary permits MCP, ACP, special permits Tsum valley trek,

4. one English speaking Government certificate holder trekking guide

5. Two trekkers between one porter they will carry around 2o to 25 kg)

6. Fingertip pulse oximeter (we use every day to check your oxygen level and pulse in your body to avoid high risk.)

7. Guide and porter: food, lodge, transportation, salary, insurance, equipment etc.

8. 13% Government Vat and official expenses.

9. Best available Room and Lodge during the treks.

10. Bal Hiking Team provide Duffel Bag packing your equipment during the treks

11. Seeping bag down Jacket for use during the treks , after you will be refund for Agency ( if you requirement)

12. Trekking Certificates, Staffs first aid kid,

13. Seasonal fresh fruits and Biscuits etc.

15. From kathamandu to Machhakhola by provide car or jeep  Public Bus , both way .

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Excludes Package

1. Coke ,nta, beer , Whiskey , better changing , wifi, hot shower, water ect.

2. You trekking gears Helicopter, Trekking Equipment

3. International flights,

4. Hotel in Kathmandu,Nepal visa, Travel insurance,

5. Guide /Porter trekking staff Tips personal expenses.

 

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Tsum Valley Trek Itinerary 12 days

Day 1: Arrival in Kathmandu (1,350 m)

Activities:

-Arrive at Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA).

-Drive to your Hotel, Bal Hiking Team will Pick you.

-Secure trekking permits with Bal Hiking Team

-Accommodation: Hotel/hostel as per your Choice.

-Meals: No

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Day 2: Kathmandu → Soti Khola→ Machhakhola (900 m)

Transport:

Drive from Kathmandu to Machhakhola (approx. 8–9 hours by jeep/bus, ~170 km; rugged mountain roads).

Highlights:

-Cross Budi Gandaki River by motorable bridges; first taste of Himalayan foothills.

–Start to drive 7 am around.

-Gorges, waterfalls along riverbanks, glimpses of Manaslu’s southern flanks.

-Overnight: Tea-house at Machha Khola.

-Meals:B/L/D with Tea and Coffee

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Day 3: Machha Khola to Jagat

-Distance & Time: ~21 km; 7–8 hours

-Elevation Gain: 930 m → 1,410 m

-Route: Gradual ascent along Machha Khola to Dobhan (where Budhi Gandaki River merges), then climb to Jagat. Trail passes through Bharkhu Khola and Lokpa Village.

-Accommodation: Tea-house in Jagat (the last major checkpoint before entering Manaslu Conservation Area).

Highlights:

-The juncture of Machha Khola and Budhi Gandaki River at Dobhan.

-Cultural interaction: Passing through Lokpa, inhabited by Gurung communities.

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Day 4: Jagat to Lokpa or Chumling

-Distance & Time: ~16 km; 6–7 hours

-Elevation Gain: 1,410 m → 2,070 m

-Route: From Jagat, trek through Sirdibas (1,660 m), cross a large suspension bridge over Budhi Gandaki, and ascend steeply along stone steps to Lokpa (2,175 m). Descend briefly to Chumling.

-Accommodation: Tea-house at Lokpa/ Chumling.

Highlights:

-Entering the core Manaslu Conservation Area.

-First views of terraced farmland built into steep terraced slopes.

-Chumling: A small “entrance” village to Tsum, with prayer flags and Mani walls.

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Day 5: Chumling to Chhokangparo

-Distance & Time: ~12 km; 5–6 hours

-Elevation Gain: 2,070 m → 3,306 m

Route: Steep ascent from Chumling through dense rhododendron and pine forests to Roo (2,700 m). From Roo, climb past Tatopani (hot spring) and cross the Budhi Gandaki on a high suspension bridge. Continue through Philim and on to Chhokangparo.

Accommodation: Tea-house in Chhokangparo.

Highlights:

Tatopani Hot Springs: Natural hot springs at about 2,700 m—ideal to soak and relieve sore muscles.

Chhokangparo: Traditional Tsum settlement with stone-and-mud homes; first immersion into Tsum’s unique Buddhist culture.

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Day 6: Chhokangparo to Nile

Distance & Time: ~10 km; 5–6 hours

Elevation Gain/Loss: 3,306 m → 2,620 m (with intermediate ups and downs)

Route: Descend from Chhokangparo through pine forest to the Budhi Gandaki River’s west bank. Cross on a long suspension bridge to reach Nile.

Accommodation: Tea-house in Nile.

Highlights:

-Homeric views of vertical gorge walls etched by Budhi Gandaki River.

-Nile Village: Traditional Tsum settlement—look for stone-built houses, mani walls, and chortens.

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Day 7: Nile to Mu Gompa

Distance & Time: ~13 km; 6–7 hours

Elevation Gain: 2,620 m → 3,700 m

Route: From Nile, ascend steeply through terraced fields and small hamlets (Rachen Gompa at 3,520 m) to Mu Gompa (3,700 m), the head of Tsum Valley.

Accommodation: Basic dormitory at Mu Gompa (run by local monastery). Rooms are very simple; heating is minimal.

Highlights:

Rachen Gompa: A small gompa perched above a steep cliff—first panoramic views of the higher Himalaya (Baudha Himal, Ganesh Himal, Himalchuli).

Mu Gompa: The focal monastery of Tsum Valley; possibility to attend morning prayers, meet monks, and witness daily life at 3,700 m.

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Day 8: Acclimatization & Exploration at Mu Gompa

Activities:

-Morning Puja at Mu Gompa: Observe or participate in Buddhist rituals and chantings.

-Day Hike to Nagdalo (4,110 m): Offers sweeping views of Ganesh Himal, Sringi Himal, and the Tsum Valley ring of peaks. Round-trip 4–5 hours.

-Visit Tibetan-style hermitages: Such as Ringmo Cave (3,900 m) to see meditation caves.

-Accommodation: Same dormitory at Mu Gompa.

Highlights:

-Panoramic mountain vistas—Ganesh Himal range to the west; Baudha and Sringi Himal to the north.

-Spiritual ambiance of the high-altitude monastery.

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Day 9: Mu Gompa to Chumling

Distance & Time: ~18 km; 7–8 hours

Elevation Loss: 3,700 m → 2,070 m

Route: Retrace steps through Nile and Chhokangparo, then descend to Chumling.

Accommodation: Tea-house in Chumling.

Highlights:

-Smoother descent but long travel day.

-Opportunity to revisit villages, interact with locals, and purchase small Tibetan-style handicrafts.

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Day 10: Chumling to Lokpa or Jagat

Distance & Time: ~22 km; 7–8 hours

Elevation Loss: 2,070 m → 1,410 m

Route: Retrace the route via Lokpa, Sirdibas, and along Budhi Gandaki River back to Jagat.

Accommodation: Tea-house in Jagat.

Highlights:

-Changing vegetation zones: subalpine (above 3,000 m) to temperate (below 2,000 m).

-Pleasant hill villages with Gurung and Bhotia influences.

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Day 11: Jagat to Machha Khola

Distance & Time: ~21 km; 7–8 hours

Elevation Loss: 1,410 m → 930 m

Route: Descend along Machha Khola corridor, passing Dobhan and several suspension bridges, back to Machha Khola.

Accommodation: Tea-house in Machha Khola.

Highlights:

-Re-entering subtropical zone: lush ferns, bamboo thickets, and higher humidity.

-Option to take more breaks along the Budhi Gandaki confluence.

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Day 12: Machha Khola to Kathmandu

Private Jeep

Duration: Approximately 8–9 hours. 170km

Cost: Around $250for the entire vehicle, accommodating 8–9 passengers.

Advantages: Offers flexibility in departure times, comfort, and the ability to make stops

Public Bus

-Duration: Approximately 8–10 hours.

-Cost: Approximately–$20 per person.

-Considerations: Buses are the most economical option but may be less comfortable and make frequent stops.

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Road Conditions

The road from  Arughat to Machhakhola is predominantly unpaved and can be challenging, especially during the monsoon season when landslides are common. From Arughat onwards, the road conditions improve, with paved sections leading up to Kathmandu. However, travelers should be prepared for a mix of road types and potential delays.

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Here are some of the major highlights you’ll encounter on the Tsum Valley Trek, which is prized for its pristine landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and secluded Buddhist communities:

Buddhist Heritage

Mu Gompa (Mu Monastery):

-Located at around 3,700 m (12,139 ft), Mu Gompa is one of the highest nunneries in the world. Its red-roofed buildings perched on a ridge overlook the entire Tsum Valley, and you’ll often spot nuns engaged in prayer or scripture study.

-The gompa’s walls are adorned with painted thangkas (Buddhist scroll paintings), and during festivals you may witness masked dances (cham) in its courtyard.

Ancient Chhule Monastery (Chhule Gompa):

-Up in the Nyak region toward the head of the valley, Chhule Gompa sits above a sweeping river gorge. It’s small but very atmospheric—an excellent example of a remote, cliff-side monastery where young monks study.

-From here you get a sweeping panorama of the surrounding Himlung Himal and Ganesh Himal ranges.

Lying Buddha Rock and Mani Walls:

-Near the village of Chumling, you’ll come across a giant, white-painted “Sleeping Buddha” carved into the hillside. It’s one of the most-photographed sights in the valley.

-Mani walls (long rows of hand‐hewn prayer stones) and chortens (stupas) appear at every settlement, reflecting the deep devotion of local Tsumbas.

Unique Local Villages

Chumling Village (2,360 m):

-Often considered the “gateway” to Upper Tsum, Chumling has a cluster of whitewashed houses, a mani wall stretching hundreds of feet, and a small community gompa.

-This is a great place to interact with Tsumbas (people of Tsum) and learn about their age-old traditions—men make barley beer in wooden vats, and women wear traditional handwoven garments.

Chhekampar (2,300 m):

-The first village you reach when entering Tsum Valley. Chhekampar sits on a riverside terrace and has a couple of small lodges.

-From here, rocky hills dotted with mani stones rise toward the Tibetan plateau, giving you a real sense of stepping into another world.

Lar (3,250 m):

-A high-altitude hamlet perched above pine forests and cliffs. Lar is divided into Upper and Lower Lar—both have very friendly locals who often invite trekkers into their homes for butter tea.

-On a clear day, Lar offers an unobstructed view of Ganesh Himal (7,422 m) to the south and Budhi Gandaki gorge below.

Pristine Himalayan Scenery

Ganesh Himal Panorama:

-From several vantage points in Upper Tsum (especially around Mu Gompa and Chhokangparo), you’ll see Ganesh Himal’s jagged peaks glistening in the sunrise.

-Himlung Himal (7,126 m) also becomes visible as you approach Phurbe Lake.

Phurbe (Parche) Lake (4,050 m):

-A glacially fed lake nestled between peaks. It takes a side hike of roughly 3–4 hours from Chhokangparo (3,490 m).

-The lake’s mirror-like surface reflects snow-capped ridges. It’s also considered sacred by locals—you may spot prayer flags fluttering along its shores.

Tsum Valley River Bed & Gorges:

-Especially between Jamindanda and Lar, the trail follows narrow gorges where the Budhi Gandaki River carves through ancient rock layers. You’ll often cross via simple suspension bridges, hearing the thunder of rapids below.

Flora, Fauna & Natural Hot Springs

Rhododendron and Oak Forests (2,000–3,000 m):

-In lower Tsum, vibrant rhododendron and oak groves paint the hillsides. If trekking in late spring (April–May), you may catch them in full bloom.

-Flocks of Himalayan pheasants (danphe) and glimpses of langur monkeys are common here.

High-Altitude Meadows & Alpine Pastures:

-Above Chumling and especially around Lar and Lokpa, watch for Himalayan musk deer and blue sheep grazing on alpine grasses.

-Birdlife such as Himalayan monal and snow partridge can be spotted if you’re patient.

Tatopani Hot Springs (1,200 m):

-Although technically just beyond the “official” endpoint of Tsum, many itineraries include a detour to Tatopani (meaning “hot water”) before continuing south to Arughat.

-The natural hot springs are a welcome relief after dusty trails, and you can soak while listening to the river rush below.

Off-the-Beaten-Path Culture & Isolation

Restricted Area Permit (RAP):

-Tsum Valley is a restricted region, so you’ll need an additional permit beyond the standard Annapurna Conservation Area permit. This restriction has helped preserve Tsum’s remote character.

-Fewer trekker crowds mean you’ll often feel like you have the entire valley to yourself, especially in mid-week or off-peak months.

Pilgrims & Local Festivals:

-Even outside of big festivals (like Losar or Dumji), you may encounter small pilgrimages—locals carrying offerings to their ancestral gompas.

-In some villages, home stays allow you to try tsampa (roasted barley flour), dumplings, and yak cheese while listening to folk stories passed down for generations.

Gateway to Tibet-Influenced Traditions

Language & Lifestyle:

-Many Tsumbas speak a dialect that’s closer to Tibetan than Nepali. You’ll notice flat-roofed, stone-built houses with prayer flags tied to rooftops.

-Hereditary lore—stories of yogis and “sky burials”—permeate daily life. The valley’s name itself, “Tsum Tso Chhulung,” means “vivid valley” or “heart land” in Tibetan.

Close-Up of Yak Pastoralism:

-Higher up (above 3,500 m), yak caravans are still the primary means of transporting goods. You might cross paths with families herding yaks across moraines while their infants ride perched on the parents’ backs.

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Tips for Maximizing These Highlights

Time of Year:

October–November (autumn): Stable weather, crisp sunrises over Ganesh Himal, and busy but not crowded lodges.

March–May (spring): Rhododendrons blooming, slightly warmer daytime temperatures, but occasional rain or snow higher up.

Acclimatization:

-Plan rest days in Chumling or Lar to adapt to higher altitudes before pushing on to Mu Gompa (3,700 m) and Phurbe Lake (4,050 m).

Local Homestays:

-Wherever possible, stay in community lodges or homestays run by Tsumbas. This helps foster cultural exchanges and supports the local economy.

Guides vs. Self-Guided:

-Hiring a local guide is strongly recommended, both to navigate the sometimes-confusing braided trails and to gain insights into Tsumbas’ unique way of life.

With its combination of high-altitude Buddhist monasteries, pristine alpine scenery, and off-the-grid ambiance, the Tsum Valley Trek offers a truly immersive Himalayan experience. Whether you’re drawn by the call of ancient gompas or the lure of silent, snow-capped peaks reflecting off turquoise lakes, these highlights will be the moments you remember long after you return to the lowlands.

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Below is a comprehensive equipment checklist for the Tsum Valley Trek (altitude up to ~3,700 m). Adjust quantities or specifics based on season (pre-/post-monsoon vs. winter) and your personal needs.

Clothing

Base Layers

Thermal Top and Bottom (Moisture-Wicking): Lightweight merino wool or synthetic—1–2 sets.

Lightweight T-Shirts (Synthetic or Wool Blend): 2–3 pieces for warmer days.

Mid Layers

Fleece Jacket or Lightweight Down Jacket: 1 mid-weight fleece or synthetic jacket.

Insulating Layer (Down Jacket): A warm down or synthetic‐insulated jacket for mornings/evenings (at least 600 fill power or equivalent).

Outer Layers

Waterproof/Windproof Jacket (Hard Shell): Fully seam-sealed with hood (Gore-Tex or equivalent).

Waterproof Pants: Lightweight, breathable rain pants with side zippers.

Soft Shell Pants (Optional): If trekking in cooler conditions for extra wind resistance.

Trekking Pants & Shorts

Convertible Trekking Pants: 1–2 pairs (zip-off style makes them versatile).

Quick-Dry Shorts or Bottoms: 1 pair (for lower-altitude stretches).

Accessories

Sun Hat/Cap: Wide-brim or baseball cap with neck protection.

Warm Hat/Beanie: A fleece-lined or wool hat covering ears for cold mornings.

Buff or Neck Gaiter: Multipurpose (dust, sun, warmth).

Gloves:

-Lightweight liner gloves (for daytime use).

-Insulated winter gloves (for early-morning or higher camps).

Socks:

3–4 pairs of heavyweight trekking socks (wool or synthetic blend).

1–2 pairs of lightweight liner socks (to reduce blisters).

Underwear: 4–5 pairs (moisture-wicking, quick-dry).

Gaiters (Optional): Lightweight gaiters if trekking post-monsoon or through very dusty/muddy sections.

Footwear

Trekking Boots:

-Sturdy, waterproof, mid- to high-ankle support.

-Well-broken-in beforehand to avoid blisters.

Camp Shoes/Sandals: Lightweight sandals or slip-ons for evenings at teahouses.

Down Booties (Optional): If you tend to get cold feet in camps.

Backpack & Bags

Trekking Backpack (45–60 L):

-Raincover built in or separate waterproof cover.

-Adjustable hip belt, padded shoulder straps.

Daypack (20–30 L) / Pack Liner: If you split gear with a porter or porter-bag isn’t an option, a 20–30 L daypack is useful.

Dry Bags / Packing Cubes: For separating clean/dirty clothes and keeping electronics/documents dry.

Stuff Sacks: One for sleeping bag (compression sack), one for clothes.

Sleeping & Camp Gear

Sleeping Bag: Rated to at least –10 °C (14 °F) comfort (down is lighter; synthetic is better if it might get wet).

Sleeping Bag Liner (Optional): Silk or fleece liner adds ~5 °C warmth and stays cleaner.

Sleeping Pad (Optional): Unless teahouses provide decent mattresses—good for insulation and extra comfort.

Trekking Gear & Technical Equipment

Trekking Poles: Adjustable, with comfortable grips and snow baskets (optional but highly recommended for uneven terrain).

Headlamp (with Extra Batteries): A reliable LED headlamp; bring 2–3 spare batteries or a rechargeable battery pack.

Sunglasses (UV-Protected, Category 3 or 4): Glacier/snow conditions particularly bright; wraparound style ideal.

Sunblock (SPF 50+) and Lip Balm (SPF 30+): High-altitude sun is intense.

Navigation & Documents

Permits & Paperwork:

-GHT Permit (Gorkha Conservation Area Permit).

-Tsum Valley Restricted Area Permit.

-Photocopies of passport, visa (keep originals in a secure pouch).

Local Maps / Guidebook: A printed map of the Tsum Valley region (optional if you’ll have a guide).

Trekking Guide/Porter Details: If you’re hiring locally, keep their contact info and agreement copies.

Health & Hygiene

Water Bottles / Hydration Bladder: 1–2 L capacity total; aim to refill at lodges/streams after purification.

Water Purification:

-SteriPEN or tablets (e.g., Aquamira, Potable Aqua); steriPEN faster but requires batteries.

Personal First-Aid Kit:

-Band-aids, blister pads (moleskin/compeed), sterile gauze, adhesive tape.

-Painkillers (ibuprofen/acetaminophen), anti-inflammatories.

-Diamox (Acetazolamide) for altitude-sickness prophylaxis (consult a doctor before).

-Electrolyte powder or rehydration sachets.

-Antidiarrheal medication (e.g., loperamide) and broad-spectrum antibiotics (e.g., azithromycin)—only as prescribed.

-Personal prescription medications (with doctor’s note).

Toiletries:

-Biodegradable soap (for body and laundry).

-Toothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss.

-Quick-dry micro-fiber towel (small/medium).

-Hand sanitizer (50 mL) and wet wipes.

-Quick-dry toilet paper (carry out waste in ziplock if there’s no disposal).

-Menstrual supplies (if applicable).

Electronics & Accessories

Camera / Smartphone & Charger: Spare memory cards and batteries.

Power Bank (≥10,000 mAh): Reliable for recharging phones/headlamps—remember that many teahouses have limited plug points and charge extra.

Universal Travel Adapter: Nepal uses 230 V, plug types C, D, M.

Portable Solar Charger (Optional): If you expect limited charging opportunities.

Spare Batteries (AA/AAA) for Headlamp: Keep them in a sealed plastic bag to prevent moisture damage.

Earphones or Earplugs: For noisy teahouses or shared dorms.

Nutrition & Snacks

High-Energy Snacks:

-Trail mix/nuts, energy bars, chocolate, dehydrated fruits.

-Instant oatmeal or soup sachets (small, adds extra calories on cold days).

Collapsible Bowl & Spoon: Lightweight, multipurpose for eating or drinking.

Documents & Money

Passport (Original) & Photocopies: Keep originals locked in your main pack.

Nepali Rupees (Cash): Teahouses accept cash only; ATMs are available in Arughat or Chame (limited). Carry at least NPR 20,000–30,000 depending on length of trek.

Debit/Credit Card (Optional): Only a few guesthouses accept cards; carry in a waterproof pouch.

Travel Insurance Documents: Printed copy and photocopy.

Permits/Permi­­t Copies: Keep one set with you; leave one set with family or lodge owner.

Miscellaneous & Extras

Trekking Duffle Bag (Army-Surplus / Stuff Sack): For sending excess baggage ahead (often to Kathmandu).

Notebook & Pen: Quick notes, journaling.

Plastic Zipper Bags / Zip-lock Bags:

-Protect electronics/documents from moisture; store snacks.

-Travel Sewing Kit & Safety Pins: Quick repairs on torn gear.

-Multi-Tool or Swiss Army Knife: Useful for many small tasks—but keep in checked baggage until you start the trek (no issues on the trail).

Emergency Whistle: In case of separation or emergency.

Lightweight Rope or Clothesline (3–5 m): Drying clothes in teahouses.

Foldable Trekking Towel (Optional): If you want to bathe (teahouses sometimes have cold showers).

Guide/Porter Tip Envelope: Pre-labeled envelopes with tips in local currency to distribute at the end.

Seasonal Considerations

Spring/Autumn (Mar–May, Sep–Nov):

-Temperatures: Daytime ~5 °C–20 °C; nighttime down to –5 °C–0 °C.

-Gear Focus: Emphasize warm mid/outer layers, rain protection (light drizzle possible).

Winter (Dec–Feb):

-Temperatures: Daytime ~–5 °C–10 °C; nighttime down to –15 °C to –20 °C.

-Gear Focus: Heavy‐duty down jacket (–20 °C rated), thicker gloves, balaclava, thicker sleeping bag (–15 °C or lower comfort).

-Microspikes or small crampons (if trails are icy).

Monsoon (Jun–Aug):

-Heavy rains; landslide risk. Tsum Valley is usually avoided during monsoon. If you attempt, you’ll need fully waterproof gear: heavy rain pants/jacket, gaiters, quick-dry clothes, plus insect repellent.

Packing Tips

Distribute Weight Evenly: Keep heavier items close to your back and centered.

Use Compression Sacks: For your down jacket and sleeping bag to save volume.

Keep Essential Items in Daypack: Headlamp, water purification, first aid, snacks, rain jacket—so you can access them without unloading your main pack.

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Summary of Tsum Valley Trek Equipment

Category	Key Items
Clothing	Thermal layers, fleece, down jacket, waterproof shell, gaiters
Footwear	Sturdy waterproof boots, camp shoes
Backpack & Bags	45–60 L backpack, dry sacks, daypack
Sleeping/Camp	–10 °C sleeping bag, liner, (optional) sleeping pad
Trekking Gear	Poles, headlamp, UV sunglasses, multifunctional gloves
Navigation & Docs	Permits (TIMS, GHT, Tsum Valley), map, guide info
Health & Hygiene	Water purifier, personal first aid, toiletries
Electronics	Camera/phone, power bank, adapter, spare batteries
Nutrition	Snacks, collapsible bowl/spoon
Miscellaneous	Money, insurance papers, whistle, sewing kit, duffel bag

With this checklist, you’ll be well‐prepared for the unique challenges of Tsum Valley: remote teahouses, sudden weather changes, and moderate altitudes. Adjust based on your personal preferences, fitness level, and the exact season you choose. Safe trekking!

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Overview
The Tsum Valley Trek lies within the Manaslu Conservation Area in northern Gorkha, Nepal, and is designated as a “Restricted Area.” As such, trekkers must obtain multiple permits before venturing into this culturally rich yet ecologically sensitive region. In total, you will need (1) a Tsum Valley Restricted Area Permit (RAP), (2) a Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP), (3) an Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP), and (4) a local government fee in some municipalities. Additionally, travel in a Restricted Area mandates that you trek with a licensed guide or porter.

-Tsum Valley Trek Restricted Area Permit (RAP)

Purpose: Protects the unique Buddhist culture and pristine environment of Tsum Valley.

Seasonal Cost (per person):

-September–November (Peak Season): USD 40 for the first week.

-December–August (Off-Peak Season): USD 30 for the first week.

Additional Days: For any extra days beyond the first week, an additional daily rate of approximately USD 7 per person applies (some sources note USD 7–10/day depending on agency; always confirm with your tour operator).

Validity: Issued on a weekly basis. If your trek spans more than seven days inside the Restricted Area, you must pay the pro-rata daily fee for each extra day.

Notes:

-This RAP can only be applied for and collected by a registered Nepali trekking agency on your behalf—you cannot obtain it directly in Thamel or Pokhara.

-You must travel with at least one licensed guide or porter while inside Tsum Valley.-Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP)

Purpose: Ensures conservation of biodiversity and supports local community-based conservation efforts within the Manaslu region.

Cost: NPR 3,000 (≈ USD 25–30) per person.

Validity: Valid for the entire duration of your trek inside the Manaslu Conservation Area.

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Where to Obtain:

-MCAP can be obtained in Kathmandu (Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation) or Pokhara (ACAP/MCAP office), or handled by your trekking agency.

-You will need a photocopy of your passport, two passport-sized photos, and payment in cash (NPR or USD).

Notes: No refunds for unused days; if your itinerary changes, you may apply for a pro-rata extension or submit at least two days before expiry for any changes.Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP)

Purpose: Although Tsum Valley lies within Manaslu, the southern approach often utilizes trails that traverse or overlap with the Annapurna Conservation Area boundary, so many agencies still require ACAP.

Cost: NPR 3,000 (≈ USD 25–30) per person.

Validity: Valid for the entire duration of your trek if parts of your route cross ACAP zones.

Where to Obtain: ACAP offices in Kathmandu or Pokhara; your trekking agency can process it for you.

Notes: Carry the ACAP receipt at all times; rangers may check it along the lower sections of the trek.

Local Government Fee

Purpose: Supports village-level development and conservation projects in the local municipalities (Gaunpalikas).

Cost: Approximately NPR 2,000 (≈ USD 16–18) per person, depending on which rural municipality you pass through (e.g., Nyak or Thumje).

Validity: Typically valid for the duration of your stay in that specific municipality. If your route crosses different VDCs (now rural municipalities), you may need separate receipts.

Where to Obtain: Collected at police check-posts or municipality offices upon entering the first village within each local area. Your guide will handle this.

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Application Process

Engage a Licensed Trekking Agency

-Only registered Nepali agencies can apply for the Tsum Valley RAP on your behalf. Provide at least:

-A clear copy of your passport ID page.

-Two passport-size photographs.

-A completed application form (provided by the agency).

-For MCAP and ACAP, you can either submit applications yourself (in Kathmandu or Pokhara) or have your agency handle them.

Submit Documents & Payment

-Pay all fees in either USD or NPR (some offices insist on NPR; your agency will advise).

-After processing, you will receive:

-A sealed envelope containing your RAP—do not open it until the ranger at the Nyak or Chumling check-post asks.

-Separate receipts for MCAP and ACAP, which you must carry.

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Receive Permits

-Collect the sealed RAP envelope a day before departure.

-Your guide will present this envelope to the first check-post entering Tsum Valley (usually at Philim or Arughat), and then the actual document will be opened and stamped.

-MCAP/ACAP receipts are typically stapled into your passport.

Important Regulations & Tips

-Guide Requirement: You must trek in Tsum Valley with a licensed guide or porter. Solo travel inside restricted zones is not permitted.

-Validity Check: Rangers conduct daily or periodic checks between villages such as Chumling, Chhokung, and Nile. Always carry your RAP, MCAP, and ACAP receipts.

-No Extensions Beyond Seven Days Without Notice:

-If you realize mid-trek you’ll exceed seven days, have your guide apply for an on-site extension at the nearest conservation office at least 48 hours before your permit expires. You’ll pay the additional daily rate.

-Permit fees are nonrefundable, even if you exit early or alter your itinerary.

Carry Originals & Copies: Bring original passport and multiple photocopies—carried separately—since you may need to leave copies at check-posts.

Cash Only: Permit counters accept cash (Nepalese Rupees preferred); credit cards are not accepted. Bring extra NPR for local fees and unforeseen expenses.

Plan Your Duration Carefully: Most operators schedule the valley portion for 5–7 days. If your trek is shorter than a week, you still pay the full weekly rate for RAP.

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Closing Advice

-Book Early: Although the Tsum Valley RAP quota is relatively large, peak-season slots (Sept–Oct) can fill quickly. Start permit applications at least 4–6 weeks before your trek.

-Choose a Reputable Agency: Agencies based in Kathmandu (Thamel area) provide turnkey services—permits, guide, porters, and logistics. They’ll also help you navigate any last-minute changes.

-Carry All Permits with You: Failure to present valid RAP/MCAP/ACAP documents can result in fines or being turned back at check-posts.

By ensuring you have each permit in order—RAP, MCAP, ACAP, plus local fees—and by traveling with a licensed guide, you’ll both comply with Nepalese regulations and help support conservation efforts in Tsum Valley. Enjoy the cultural immersion and stunning Himalayan vistas that this hidden valley offers!

elow is an overview of what to expect for meals on the Tsum Valley Trek. Since most tea-houses in the region follow a similar pattern, these details should hold for the majority of lodges you encounter. Costs are approximate, in Nepalese rupees (NPR), and can vary slightly from village to village.

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Typical Meal Schedule

Breakfast: 7:00 – 9:00 AM

Lunch: 12:00 – 2:00 PM

Dinner: 6:00 – 8:00 PM

In higher-altitude settlements (Lho, Chumling, Chhule, etc.), dining hours may shift slightly earlier or be more flexible, depending on daylight and kitchen staffing. Always confirm the next day’s timing with your lodge host in the evening.

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Breakfast Options in Tsum Valley Trek

Most tea-houses offer a choice of one main item plus sides/tea or coffee. Common choices include:

Item	Description	Approx. Cost (NPR)
Porridge (Dhaaneko Kheer)	Thick rice/millet porridge served with brown sugar or jam. A warming, easy-to-digest option at altitude.	500 – 600
Omelette with Toast	Two-egg omelette (plain or with onion/cheese) plus two slices of white or brown bread.	600 – 700
Pancakes or French Toast	Made from batter/eggs, served with honey or jam. Can feel heavy, so best for low-to-mid elevations.	500 – 600
Muesli with Milk/Yogurt	Rolled oats with dried fruit and yogurt or milk. Rehydrating and gentle on the stomach.	600 – 650
Tsampa (Buckwheat Flour Porridge)	Tibetan-style roasted barley flour porridge, often mixed into warm butter tea.	350 – 500
Chapati/Paratha with Jam or Eggs	Flatbread (often fried in oil) served with jam/honey or as a side to a fried egg.	500 – 700

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Sides & Drinks (usually included or available at small extra cost):

-Butter tea (Salted tea with yak butter) – 20 – 300

-Black tea / “Ginger” tea – 100 – 150

-Instant coffee – 300 – 450

-Toast/bread with jam (if not included with main) – 600 – 800

Tip: At higher elevations (above 3,500 m), menus tend to shrink, so if you have your heart set on something (e.g., omelette), order early or confirm availability.

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Lunch Options in Tsum Valley Trek

Lunch menus are generally more varied, since many trekkers stop mid-day. Common dishes include:

Item	Description	Approx. Cost (NPR)
Dal Bhat Set	Unlimited rice, dhal (lentil soup), vegetable curry, and pickles. Sometimes includes a small portion of chicken or potato.	600 – 900
Momo (Buff / Veg)	Steamed dumplings (4–8 pieces) served with tomato-ginger chutney. Buffalo meat is common; veg momos may have cabbage.	600 – 900
Thukpa (Soup Noodles)	Tibetan noodle soup with vegetables, egg, or meat. Hearty and warming for rainy/cold days.	700 – 850
Fried Rice / Chow Mein	Stir-fried rice or noodles with vegetables, egg, or meat. Filling and a good carb boost mid-trek.	800 – 900
Tibetan Bread (Tingmo) & Curry	Soft steamed bread served with vegetable or chicken curry.	550 – 700
Veggie Burger / Cheese Toast	In some of the larger stops (Chumling, Chhule), you may find simple Western items like burgers or grilled cheese.	700 – 900

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Additional Sides & Snacks:

-French Fries – 300 – 350

-Maggi Noodles (instant) – 500 – 700 (often prepared Western style with veggies/cheese)

-Peanut Butter Sandwich – 500 – 800

-Seasonal fruit (apple, orange) – 300 – 500 each

Note on Dal Bhat:

-“Unlimited” means you can ask for refills of rice and lentils until you’re full.

-In very remote tea-houses (Langtang region), servings may be smaller, but on the Tsum Valley route most lodges maintain decent portions.

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Dinner Options

Dinner menus often mirror lunch, but dal bhat is the most common “end-of-day” meal, since kitchens close early:

Item	Description	Approx. Cost (NPR)
Dal Bhat	Same as lunch: rice, lentils, vegetable curry. In a few places, you can add chicken/beef (seasonal).	800 – 900
Thenthuk	Hand-pulled noodle soup with vegetables or meat. Similar to thukpa but chewier.	700 – 900
Tibetan Bread (Khabse) & Curry	Deep-fried bread served with veggie curry.	700 – 900
Instant Soups	Cream of tomato or mushroom; best for very cold nights if you’re not hungry.	500 – 700
Pasta with Tomato Sauce	Available in bigger villages like Chumling or Chhule; otherwise rare.	800 – 1000

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Tip: In many teahouses above 3,000 m, the kitchen uses solar or limited wood/gas. Therefore, heavy dishes (like baked pasta) may be unavailable. Always ask by mid-late afternoon for dinner availability.

Snacks & Extras

Since you’ll often be hiking long hours, carrying your own high-energy snacks is wise. However, tea-houses stock:

-Energy Bars / Chocolate: 200 – 300 (depending on brand)

-Biscuits (Nepali or imported): 100 – 150 per packet

-Nuts (roasted peanuts, almonds): 200 – 300 per small bag

-Instant Coffee Packets / Tea Bags: 100 – 200 each

You can also purchase boiled eggs (200), small packs of cheese (300 – 400), and small tins of tuna (400) in larger stops like Mu Gompa, but availability dwindles beyond Chhule.

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Dietary Considerations in Tsum Valley Trek

Vegetarian/Vegan:

-Dal bhat (without ghee or meat) is vegetarian; ask for no butter tea if vegan.

-Veg momos, veggie thukpa, chow mein.

-Confirm that dishes are cooked in separate oil/pots if you’re strict.

Gluten-Free:

-Dal bhat is gluten-free.

-Rice noodles (thukpa) are usually rice-based, but check for wheat-based seasonings.

-Tsampa (buckwheat porridge) is gluten-free as long as no wheat flour is mixed in.

Meat Options:

-Buffalo (often labeled “buff”) is the most common meat in this region.

-Chicken is rare beyond the lower villages.

-If you have religious or personal restrictions, request vegetarian dal bhat or inform the lodge in advance (especially for places like Chhule or Mu Gompa).

Altitude & Digestion:

-At elevations above 3,500 m (Chhule onward), your appetite may decrease. Stick to light soups (thukpa, thenthuk) and porridge.

-Hydration is crucial: drink 3–4 L of fluids daily (tea, soup, water).

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Tips for Optimizing Your Meals

Order Early: Especially dinner—most kitchens close by 7:00 PM in higher villages.

Pack Snacks: Bring high-calorie bars or dry fruits from Kathmandu to avoid paying premium prices en route.

Hydrate with Tea: Butter tea and ginger tea help keep you warm and energized.

Carry Electrolytes: Small sachets of electrolyte powder can be mixed into water; not always available along the trail.

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Best Seasons for Tsum Valley Trek

Spring (March–May): Blooming rhododendrons, mild daytime temperatures (10 °C–20 °C), and clear skies for mountain vistas.

Autumn (September–November): Stable weather, crisp air, and post-monsoon clarity. Daytime temperatures similar to spring; nights can drop near freezing above 3,000 m.

Winter (December–February): Cold, snow‐covered trails; fewer trekkers. Possible closures of higher‐elevation tea houses. Only recommended for experienced groups.

Monsoon (June–August): Heavy rainfall, leeches, and slippery trails. The valley does see lush greenery but trekking is challenging.

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